Volume Number: 16 (2000)
Issue Number: 4
Column Tag: Tools of the Trade
by Bill von Hagen
e-Picture is a software package for designing web graphics whose roots lie in the amazing BeOS, a fast, elegant operating system and GUI that are designed from the ground up for true multi-processing, extensive multi-media support, and networking. The BeOS has an advantage over many other modern operating systems in that it is relatively new and was designed for today's graphics-intense, network aware world - it has no compatibility baggage to carry around. As most Mac fans know, Apple toyed with the idea of buying Be, Inc. in order to use the BeOS as the groundwork for a new Macintosh OS, before making the now-legendary decision to go with the more standard mach kernel provided by NeXTStep. That's all water under the PCI Bridge now. The BeOS is alive, well, and growing in popularity on its own - and the power of software like e-Picture on its native OS helps illustrate why.
Starting e-Picture on the BeOS displays a bewildering collection of different windows, as shown in Figure 1, surpassing even the default behavior of Quark Xpress and Adobe PhotoShop on the Mac. The default windows displayed by e-Picture are its New Document window, tools palette, an Inspector window, and separate Animations, Layers, and Objects windows. Once you're running e-Picture, you can open and close windows by selecting or deselecting them from e-Picture's Windows menu. However, a central preferences panel that lets you set which windows are displayed by default with a new graphic would be a welcome addition to future BeOS releases of e-Picture.
Figure 1.The e-Picture Startup Screen.
One especially nice feature of e-Picture is that it provides you with templates for creating Web graphics in the most popular shapes and sizes. If you're new to the commercial Web graphics biz, you may not know that most Web sites have fairly strict standards for the graphics they use. Some of these standards are imposed to guarantee that the graphics load quickly, while others are for general aesthetic or page layout and design reasons. e-Picture comes with templates for a standard web banner (468 by 60 pixels), small web banner (234 by 36), long web banner (512 by 60), square web banner (100 by 100), square web button (32 by 32), proportional wallpaper (130 by 120), and maximum graphic for a small monitor (610 by 300). You can also easily add your own templates, but these standard shapes and sizes make it easy for you to get started producing professional graphical in standard, officially approved, sizes.
The easiest way to learn how to use a tool is usually to look at some examples or work through tutorials. The folks at BeatWare provide several useful tutorials that are installed with e-Picture (in the directory "/boot/apps/BeatWare/e-Picture/Examples" by default) and also duplicate these on their Web site. This review uses the shopping and search banner located in the "professional/shop.html" subdirectory for screen shots and to illustrate various features.
You'd expect to be able to start a modern graphics app by double clicking on a file that it had created, but that didn't work for me. Clicking on the file "shop.ep" in the "professional" folder started e-Picture but didn't open the graphic I'd clicked on. Strike one. I then clicked "Create" to open a blank graphics file and tried dragging "shop.ep" into it, but received a message that the file couldn't be opened because it was in an unknown file format. Yikes - strike two! I then clicked "Open" and browsed for the file, selected it, and was able to open it with no problems. Success, at last...
Well, almost no problems. The BeOS comes with a default set of TrueType fonts, which unfortunately don't include the ones used in the example I chose. After clicking through an irritating series of "No font FOO found on your computer. Replacing it with BAR" messages, I could finally view the sample graphic. In e-Picture's defense, it did an excellent job of font substitution, but it was surprising that their example didn't use the default fonts included with the BeOS. It was easy enough to permanently eliminate these messages by copying the correct TrueType fonts from any of my Windows boxes into the main BeOS fonts folder (/boot/beos/etc/fonts/ttfonts). (e-Picture didn't find the fonts, even after rescanning, when I copied them into my machine-specific fonts directory /boot/home/config/fonts/ttfonts.) At any rate, I'd rather have avoided this whole confidence-shaker in an example provided with the software.
I'm perfectly happy to overlook a few speedbumps on the road to powerful solutions to my problems, and concerns about opening files, missing fonts, and incomplete search paths gradually vanished once I successfully opened the "shop.ep" graphic and began to experiment. e-Picture opens graphics in its Document window, and fills in the contents of the other windows based on the currently-selected contents of the Document window. This quickly revealed the power provided by each of the attendant e-Picture windows. The Inspector window is a context-sensitive window that lets you examine and edit the properties of selected objects in the Document window, where the graphics "document" you are working on is displayed, as shown in Figure 2. Selecting a text object displays the Text Tool Inspector in the Inspector window, in which you can modify the font, horizontal and vertical size, spacing, font color, and quickly apply effects like color gradients across the selected item. You can select objects from either the Document window or the Objects window, the latter only if you know the identifier assigned to the desired component of the graphic you're working on.
Figure 2.The Text Inspector Window.
e-Picture gives you all of the features you need to produce sophisticated web graphics, providing object-oriented tools for modifying linear and geometric objects, different graphic and animation layers, and text and special text effects. You can easily modify colors and quickly apply transformations such as color gradients to all of these. Frankly, you'd expect these capabilities in a modern graphics tool - what separates e-Picture from the rest of the pack are some of the tasks that it will do for you automatically.
Animated web graphics are standard today, but can still be time consuming to create in many graphics tools. Animated graphics typically consist of multiple frames between which the location, shape, color, or other properties of one or more elements of your graphic change. This requires having multiple frames in the first place. You can add frames to an existing e-Picture graphic in one of two ways - either by selecting, copying, and inserting frames at specific points of your graphic, or by simply changing the Total number of frames in the Animations window. The latter option copies the current frame for each new frame that you've added.
Most web graphics and animation tools provide standard shortcuts such as onion-skinning, where you clone subsequent frames and change each slightly to produce an animation. However, e-Picture goes these tools one better. Once you have the number of frames you think you need for a smooth animation, e-Picture can automate the animation process between different frames by creating the transitions necessary to move or modify graphics elements between frames that represent discrete points in your animation. In e-Picture, such frames are known as "key frames." Any frame can be identified as a key frame by selecting it in the Animations window, as shown in Figure 3, and then selecting the "Add Keys to Frame" command from the Animation menu in the e-Picture document window.
Figure 3.The Animation Window.
Once you've defined key frames and have selected the one at which you want to end certain changes to your animation, you can select and modify any portion of your graphic. Changes in position are perhaps the most common things that you'll want to animate in frame sequences, but you can just as easily generate intermediate transitions for color changes, color gradients, and so on. When you change any object property between key frames, e-Picture automatically fills in any intermediate stages of that change between the previous and current key frames. For example, suppose you want to smoothly move a portion of your graphic between key frames 5 and 14 - just select frame 14, move the object wherever you want, and let e-Picture divide the move evenly across all of those frames, automatically creating transitional frames for the move.
Just because e-Picture can automatically divide and complete graphic moves and other object property changes across frame sequences doesn't mean that you're stuck with its decisions. If an animation is too jerky, you can use the Animation menu's "Insert Frame" command to quickly insert additional frames to help smooth transitions. You can also delete frames from an animated sequence using the Animation menu's "Delete Frame" command, letting e-Picture automatically take up the animated slack for you.
Once you're happy with your web graphic, you prepare it for use on the web by exporting it in a web format such as GIF or JPEG. You'll want to make sure that you normally save your graphics in e-Picture's native format and only export when necessary, because exporting to GIF or JPEG loses some of the sexier aspects of your graphics. For example, layers in your e-Picture graphics are automatically combined into single bitmaps when exporting to GIF or JPEG because that's how those formats work.
The BeOS version of e-Picture lags the Macintosh version by several minor revisions (v1.0 on the BeOS vs. v1.04 on the Mac), which isn't surprising given that porting e-Picture to the Mac has been a major focus for BeatWare. I have high hopes that the minor problems and usability issues I saw in the BeOS version will be corrected in a subsequent release. The core e-Picture product is truly excellent.
Because the BeOS runs on both Intel and PPC hardware, the BeOS identifies the true root of our Intel-schmertz: Windows itself, not a specific hardware platform. Applications like e-Picture dispel the myth that only Windows has the software you need. If you want to go somewhere today, why not take e-Picture on the BeOS or Mac OS out for a test drive?Bill von Hagen is a writer, computer system administrator, and the author of "SGML for Dummies." You can contact him at wvh@gethip.com.
